Jokowi will increasingly become a lame duck, and Defense Minister Prabowo Subianto, who has signaled his disdain for democracy and desire to rule as a strongman, has accepted his party's nomination to run for president in 2024. In Indonesia, President Joko Widodo (popularly known as Jokowi) has done little as the military accrues power and rights are curtailed for LGBTQ+ citizens and others.īut 2023 is likely to be worse for democracy in Southeast Asia. Malaysia, while jailing former prime minister Najib tun Razak for his crimes-an important step towards curbing impunity-retains a ruling coalition dominated by Najib's party, which ruled Malaysia autocratically for decades.
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Cambodia has cracked down on a broad range of opposition activists. The Thai king, who is supposed to stay above politics, increasingly involves himself in both politics and business, and has expressed some interest in returning the country to an absolute monarchy. Thailand’s pro-military parliamentary coalition remains in power because of a flawed 2019 election, the banning of opposition parties, and the fact that Thai judges are beholden to the military and its allies. The junta has resorted to rising brutality and abandoned all pretense of interest in global opinion by jailing a former UK ambassador, executing four activists, and handing Aung San Suu Kyi a long prison and hard labor sentence. Former Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte continued to oversee a crackdown on the media and civil society, as well as a brutal drug war, until the end of his term in June 2022. 2022 has not exactly been a banner year for democracy in Southeast Asia, which has regressed in the past two decades from an example of a democratizing developing region into one of extreme democratic regression (the only exception: tiny Timor-Leste). The Myanmar junta remains in power in that benighted country, overseeing a failed state.
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